Health Encyclopedia

Any drug that acts as the main efficacy in preventing internal or external bleeding is called hemostatic. Hemostatic drugs for different purposes, and the effect is not the same, there are oral, but also for external use.

The commonly used hemostatic drugs can be divided into three kinds according to their mechanism of action:

A drug that acts directly on the blood vessel;

Drugs to improve and promote the activity of coagulation factors;

(3) a drug that is resistant to fibrinolysis (referred to as fibrinolysis). The following are described below:

1. Drugs that act directly on blood vessels have:

1. The blood of collaterals, also known as ante novo, is mainly caused by the enhancement of the resistance of capillaries to injury, the retraction of fractured capillaries, the reduction of capillary permeability and fragility, and the purpose of hemostasis. Clinically, it is mainly used for epistaxis, hemoptysis, hematuria, retinal hemorrhage, thrombocytopenic purpura and so on. The blood of the collaterals is often combined with vitamin C to produce synergistic hemostasis. Adults take an oral solution of 2.5 to 5 mg of blood, 3 times a day, and halve the amount of children. Intramuscular injection of blood 10 mg each time, 2~3 times a day, children halved.

Pituitrin, pituitrin. This product contains oxytocin and vasopressin. Vasopressin can act directly on the vascular smooth muscle and constrict capillaries, arterioles and venules. Contraction of pulmonary arterioles can reduce intrapulmonary blood flow, reduce pulmonary venous pressure, and facilitate the formation of thrombosis at the rupture of pulmonary vessels. The product can also be used for hemostasis of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage with increased pulse pressure. Intravenous infusion of 10~20 mg each time, add saline, 250~500 ml, slow infusion.

Two, improve and promote the activity of coagulation factor drugs have:

Vitamin K1 is a necessary substance involved in the synthesis of prothrombin in liver. Therefore, this product is suitable for all kinds of bleeding diseases caused by vitamin K deficiency, such as low prothrombin, obstructive jaundice and biliary fistula patients before operation, neonatal hemorrhagic diathesis. Because the product can selectively act on the smooth muscle of the digestive tract, the pain caused by various causes of gastrointestinal and biliary tract smooth muscle spasm has the effect of relieving spasm and pain.

The dicynone (dicynone), can increase the number of platelets, and may enhance the adhesion and aggregation of platelet, promote release of anticoagulant substances, accelerate clot contraction, can also enhance the capillary resistance, reduce its permeability, reduce blood oozing. Therefore, it can be used to prevent bleeding, purpura, bleeding in the brain, lungs, liver, digestive tract, urinary tract, fundus, gums and so on.

Three, anti fibrinolysis drugs have:

6- aminocaproic acid, produced competitive inhibition of plasminogen activator, plasminogen that cannot be activated to plasmin, thereby inhibiting fibrinolysis and achieve hemostasis. It is often used in surgical operations, bleeding, bleeding in gynecology and obstetrics, cirrhosis, bleeding, etc..

The principle of hemostasis by resisting blood and fibrinolysis (amino acid) is the same as that of 6- amino caproic acid, but the effect is better than 4~5. The effect is better for general oozing of blood.