Health Encyclopedia

Diabetes is also a common disease, which is common in middle-aged and elderly people, and has a high incidence of obesity. However, according to the survey of type 2 diabetes patients is younger, aged <30 years old, sudden onset, polydipsia, polyuria, emaciation eating symptoms, high blood sugar levels, many patients with ketoacidosis symptoms with low serum levels of insulin and C peptide, ICA, IAA or GAD antibody positive.

So, how do you know if you have diabetes? What are the criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes?

A simple method of diagnosing diabetes

How do patients identify themselves with diabetes? In general, when patients have obvious typical symptoms of diabetes or atypical symptoms, will consider they may be suffering from diabetes, but only by thirst, drink plenty of water, urine and other symptoms of undiagnosed diabetes, because diabetes is diagnosed by blood sugar level as the standard.

Diagnostic criteria of diabetes is also positive urine. Because diabetes plus (+), sometimes also can appear in normal people. Therefore, the diagnosis of diabetes must be based on an intravenous blood test to determine the concentration of blood glucose.

According to the 1997 Diabetes Association of America (ADA), the latest diagnostic criteria for diabetes, simply speaking, can be diagnosed with diabetes if the blood sugar rises to any of the following two criteria.

Fasting blood glucose >7.0mmol/L or 2 hours postprandial blood sugar >11.1mmol/L

2 hours after dinner, 2 or two steamed buns are often served as the standard, because we know how much the meal will affect the level of blood sugar.

ogtt试验

Also known as oral glucose tolerance test, is when the increased blood sugar does not reach the diagnostic standard of diabetes, make the diagnosis ambiguous, a further diagnosis of diabetes and the inspection measures. Let the patient take 75 grams of glucose on an empty stomach, and then draw blood after 2 hours to check the blood sugar level, if you want to diagnose diabetes:

2 hours after taking sugar, blood sugar >11.1mmol/L

Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG)

Glucose tolerance disorder (IGT) refers to elevated blood glucose levels after 2 hours of OGTT test, exceeding normal 7.8mmol/L, but still not reach the 11.1mmol/L diabetes diagnostic criteria. These patients are called glucose tolerance disorders.

Impaired fasting glucose (IFG), corresponding to elevated fasting glucose levels, did not meet the diagnostic criteria for diabetes, i.e., fasting blood glucose was between 6.2~7.0.

GT and IFG can be said to be a normal person's excessive state of diabetes. Although some people are not diabetic yet, the risk of developing type 2 diabetes is very high in the future. It can be said to be the reserve force for diabetes. According to research reports, 5-8% IGT per year will develop into type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition, IGT patients with cardiovascular diseases, such as myocardial infarction, angina pectoris risk is greatly improved.

1985 WHO (WHO) issued the diagnostic criteria for diabetes

* when symptoms of diabetes are present:

* the day when any plasma glucose concentration is greater than or equal to 200mg/dl (11.1mmol/L). * or fasting plasma glucose concentrations greater than 140mg/dl (7.8mmol/l). * or if the random plasma glucose concentration <200mg/dl (11.1mmol/L), and fasting plasma glucose (7.8mmol/l), <140mg/dl OGTT (the need for oral glucose tolerance test, oral glucose 75g adults; children's clothing sugar 1.75g/kg, the greatest service of sugar is 75g) OGTT2 hour plasma glucose concentration >200mg/dl (11.1mmol/L), diabetes can be diagnosis.

* when there are no symptoms of diabetes:

* the day when any plasma glucose concentration is greater than or equal to 200mg/dl (11.1mmol/L), or fasting plasma glucose concentration over 140mg/dl (7.8mmol/l), or OGTT2 hour plasma glucose concentration over 200mg/dl (11.1mmol/L), and OGTT1 * h plasma glucose concentration is 200mg/dl (11.1mmol/L), or OGTT2 hour plasma glucose (11.1mmol/L), or more than 200mg/dl another fasting plasma glucose concentration is 140mg/dl (7.8mmol/L) is the establishment of diabetes diagnosis.

If the fasting plasma glucose level >120mg/dl (6.1mmol/L), but <140mg/dl (7.8mmol/L), plasma glucose levels or OGTT2 hours in 140-200mg/dl (7.8-11.1mmol/L), the diagnosis of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

The new diabetes diagnostic criteria recommended by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) in 1997

The diagnostic standard of diabetes in 1997 American Diabetes Association of WHO were modified, has been recognized in most countries, diabetes doctors in our country have begun to adopt a new standard to diagnose the patients with diabetes. American Diabetes Association Diabetes diagnostic criteria:

* have the symptoms of diabetes, and the day when any plasma glucose concentration is greater than or equal to 200mg/dl (11.1mmol/l). * or fasting for at least 8 hours after the plasma glucose concentration was 126mg/dl (7.0mmol/l). * or OGTT2 hour plasma glucose concentration was 200mg/dl (11.1mmol/l).

However, these results need to be repeated on another day to verify the diagnosis of diabetes. In addition, the American Diabetes Association will be fasting plasma glucose level greater than or equal to 110mg/dl (6.1mmol/L), but <126mg/dl (7mmol/L) called impaired fasting glucose (IFG), that these people are type 2 diabetes in reserve.

Early symptoms of diabetes in women. See Synonyms at specific:

1. typical symptoms: more than a few symptoms, i.e. polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia and emaciation.

2., atypical symptoms: some patients with type 2 diabetes symptoms are atypical, only dizziness, fatigue and so on, and even asymptomatic. Some early onset or diabetes before the stage, may appear before lunch or before dinner hypoglycemia symptoms.

3. acute complications: exacerbation of stress. Can appear anorexia, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, polyuria, dizziness, drowsiness, blurred vision, dyspnea, coma and so on